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TABLE 1. - Recoverable Gallium and Germanium Concentrations in Ore Deposits Concentrations in ppm Ore I Gallium I Germanium Aluminum Bauxite..... Average 50 ND Kaolin..... 10 - 80 ND Zinc Sphalerite..... 10 - 200, 10 - 50 Average 50 Coal Ash..... 10 - 3,000 Up to several Phosphate
A method is disclosed for recovering gallium andor germanium from fly ash which comprises pelletizing the fly ash, treating the pellets in the presence of an oxidizing gas at a temperature of from about 900 C. to just below the fusion temperature of the pellets, treating the pellets in the presence of a reducing gas at the same temperature range, and recovering gallium andor germanium suboxides
The gallium and germanium suboxides were collected on an air-cooled, Quartz condensor. After the run, condensed material was dissolved in nitric acid, evaporated, and found to weigh 0.85 gram. The analysis in Table 3 shows that this material was 10 gallium, so with a gallium concentration of 157 ppm gallium in the pellets, about 80 of the ...
Aug 31, 1990 The method presents a novel process for recovering valuable metals from ores which are otherwise difficult or impossible to recover. Metals which are particularly recoverable using the present method are germanium, gallium and mixtures thereof.
cadmium, gallium, and germanium ocurrences in Virginia, basic sampling was undertaken to determine if potentially eco- nomic deposits of these elements might occur in former mined areas and in known deposits. Samples were collected and ma- lyzed from the following sites ore on the dumps and mine
Apr 27, 2007 Gallium is conventionally obtained as a byproduct of aluminum, and germanium as byproduct of zinc processing. An exception to this rule is the Apex Mine ore which has served as the only primary source in the world for direct production of gallium and germanium.
Apr 01, 2017 Metals such as gallium Ga, germanium Ge, and antimony Sb are generally recovered from the production of other metal ores and are critical to varying extents for the efficient operation of modern technologies.
Metals such as gallium Ga, germanium Ge, and antimony Sb are generally recovered from the production of other metal ores and are critical to varying extents for
Jan 01, 2017 Quantifying the potential for recoverable resources of gallium, germanium and antimony as companion metals in Australia Mohan Yellishetty, David Huston, TE Graedel, TT Werner, Barbara K Reck, Gavin M Mudd
GALLIUM Data in kilograms of gallium content unless otherwise noted Domestic Production and Use No domestic primary low-purity, unrefined gallium has been recovered since 1987. Globally, primary gallium is recovered as a byproduct of processing bauxite and zinc ores. One company in Utah
Gallium occurs in very small concentrations in ores of other metals. Most gallium is produced as a byproduct of treating bauxite, and the remainder is produced from zinc-processing residues. Only part of the gallium present in bauxite and zinc ores is recoverable, and
Quantifying the potential for recoverable resources of gallium, germanium and antimony as companion metals in Australia Mohan Yellishetty, David Huston, TE
May 21, 2021 Quantifying the potential for recoverable resources of gallium, germanium and antimony as companion metals in Australia Ore Geol. Rev. , 82 2017 , pp. 148 - 159 , 10.1016j.oregeorev.2016.11.020
Dec 29, 2013 Based on a detailed statistical analysis of chemical data published in the scientific literature, estimates were made of the minimum amounts of recoverable Ge contained within sulphidic zinc ores and coals, given current processing technologies. It is expected that at least 119 kt 7 kt in zinc ores and 112 kt in coal of recoverable germanium exist within proven reserves at present ...
Gallium nitride GaN principally was used to manufacture optoelectronic devices. ICs accounted for 72 of domestic gallium consumption, optoelectronic devices accounted for 25, and research and development accounted for 3. About 80 of the gallium consumed in the United States was contained in GaAs, GaN, and gallium phosphide GaP wafers.
This review article compares PET imaging performance with Gallium-68 68Ga and Fluorine-18 18F. The literature on this topic is scarce hence in order to complete the published data, Monte Carlo calculations, as well as phantom measurements, were carried out. The qualitative and quantitative
Germanium is one of the few elements that expands when it freezes. Others include gallium, silicon, bismuth and antimony. Germanium abundance in the Earths crust 1.5 parts per million by weight, 0.42 parts per million by moles. Germanium abundance in the solar system 200 parts per billion by weight, 3 parts per billion by moles.
Sep 30, 2016 In this research work, extraction and purification of germanium from zinc leach residues ZLR were investigated. The results of ICP, XRF, and atomic adsorption spectroscopy AAS tests show that contents of germanium, iron, lead, and zinc within the leaching residue were 105 106, 3.53, 10.35, and 8.8, respectively. XRD results indicate that the main minerals were in different forms of ...
Apr 29, 2020 Current annual production of refined germanium is led by China at 85,000 tons, while estimates place U.S. reserves near 2,500 tons. Reported production of germanium in the U.S. is limited to one site, the Apex mine in Washington County, Utah. The Apex mine produced gallium Ga and germanium as primary products during the mid-1980s.
Sep 22, 2012 Gallium Ga is a trivalent metal that exists as the strongly hydrolyzed Ga OH 4 ion and to a much lesser extent as GaOH 3 2 in sea water. Dissolved gallium ranges from 2 to 60 pmol l 1, with the lowest values in the surface waters of the high-latitude North Pacific, and the highest values in the surface waters of the North Atlantic.Vertical distributions of dissolved gallium ...
fluorspar, gallium, germanium, indium, magnesium, natural graphite, niobium, platinum group metals, heavy rare earths, light rare earths, tungsten, borates, chromium, coking coal, magnesite, phosphate rock, and silicon metal COM, 2014. The supply of CRMs is limited since less than 3 of CRMs supply arising from within the EU.
as feldspar Burton and others, 1959. Gallium also shows an affinity with iron Fe and zinc Zn, which enable it to substitute for these elements in common rock-forming minerals. Gallium can also be found in geochemical association with germanium Ge, silicon Si, indium In, cadmium Cd, and tin Sn Burton and Culkin, 1978.
Apr 17, 2015 Gallium has been labeled as a critical metal due to rapidly growing consumption, importance for low-carbon technologies such as solid state lighting and photovoltaics, and being produced only as a byproduct of other metals mainly aluminum. The global system of primary production, manufacturing, use and recycling has not yet been described or quantified in the literature.
Feb 02, 2009 One of companys first projects is the planned extraction, if it proves viable, of germanium, gallium and zinc from the slag produced by, and
